Tire-building machine.



A. 0. ABBOTT, In.

TIRE BUILDING MACHINE. APPucAno'ri F'u''b 650a. ms.

1,255,073. Patentag l Jan. 29, 1918.

. s shuns-Min l- A. 0. ABBOTT, In.

TIRE BUILDING MACHINE. ArrLlcmou' FILED n: c,a. me.

1,2q5,073. mama M29; 1918.

9 suns-sneer a, I a

Fi 2 l I' may I PI A. 0. ABBOTT, In. TIRE BUILDING MACHINE. APPLICATIONFILED DEC-8.1915.-

INVENTOR Z a ATTORNH 0. ABBOTT, 1R. TIRE BUILDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-8, 1916.

8 l 9 1 am 2- m. J m t aw D lwmrok ATTORNEY A. O ABBOTT, JR.

TIRE BUILDING MACHINE. APPLICATION mu) DEC-8,19!

"1 ,255,073 Patented Jan. 29, 1918.

2 l- QSEEETS-SHEET 5- I N V N TOR Qua M-Mj A 1' "FOR NE )1 A. 0. ABBOTT,J.

IIRE BUILDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-B, I916.

1,255,073. Patented Jan. 29,1918.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 6A INVENTOR ATTORNEY.

A. O. ABBOTT, JR.

TIRE BUILDING MACHINE. 7 APPLICATION HtED DECAL 1916.

l ,255Q073. Patented J sin. 29, 1918.

9 SHEETSSHEET 7.

IN VENTOR. M 0.

ATTORNEY.

A. 0. ABBOTT, Jn. TIRE BUILDING MACHINE. IAIIPLICATION FILED nc.a, 1915.

Pwnma Jail. 29,191&

Q QSQ I JNVENTOR.

I A T R EK A. 0. ABBOTT, 1R, TIRE BUILDING MACHINE.

A'PBLICATION FILED DEC.8. i916.

Pafenbed Jan. 29,1918.

I I QSHEETS-SHEETQ'.

' ing process.

4 and some have been used which were ar- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Annalee. ABBOTT, .13., or nn'r'norr; MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALF 'roWILLIAM n. NORTON. or DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I Anne-m 0. Alison, Jr., citizen of the United States.residing at Detroit, county of \Vayne, State of Michigun, have inventeda certain new and useful Im )rovement in Tire-Building Macl'iines anddeclare the followin to be a full, clear, and exact description of thesame, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertainsto make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawtin- This invention is-a fcom letely automatic tire rim mae'hinesave forthe final vulcaniz- Heretofore machines have been projected .ranged'tostretch a biasfabrie =1aid-on the core and smooth it overthesides' ofthecore. These machines, however, are-far from automatic and most ofthem; require, the core to ho stopped whemone complete )ply; has been"laid; they then require the applyingoiias tening by, the operator of ithe beginning of the second ply to the firstply, the-throwing 0nof-thehpowerla ainjto revolvepthe core r and a repetition o theoperations-.il'ntila Cally accomplished bythis machine, requi'r-.

number of plies havebeen laidthat aroused under the bead. .Tlu: machine.must then be stopped andpthe l ap'pliedby the wm k- 1mineitherhaslffseflaefterilig or run on in the form. of a.strip, flier thel'ltfdiS applied,.,the machine a'ganr'ihas to be started by the operatorand the-succeeding plies laid, i

Now alli'th'ese operations are automati ing no interposition of theoperator, and hence the tire casings are more reliably produced andapproach a greater uniformity in quality-.. The machine also makespossible the building of a,,carc-ass of the tire shoe in much le$ timethan required by the ma chines of the prior art.

Fuithermore, this machine goes further in. the building of the tire shoethhn'any.

rejected or, actually built. It nohoiiljiiuilds a careass-b'ut itapplies the gum and fabric tread. Not only does the machine do thisextra work but it is done at its proper time, automatically, without-inany way=de-- "to assist in'the'cutting of the rubber tread.

ings, which form a part of this specifica-' Fig. 8 isqajsidee evationrofbne of the" fabric applying instfu nenta litiesp "Fig.9 1s acressection" thf-ough the core "1 y "anda' iortionroffthe"fabricapplyinginstru .mentality "and taken on th'e line' 99 of Fig; 1 0 is abottomplan view/ t the'ai'ms that carry the bead-covering "roll andTIRE-IFBUILDING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented J an, 29, 1918 Applicationfiled December B, 1916. Seriai No. 135,757.

pending agencies.

The machine is provided with an automatic gasolene swabber to moistenthe guinmed fabric stock that possibly has gotten a little too dry topro )erly adhere. 'The machine isalso provided with a Water feed uponthe intervention of human In :the -drawings,

Figure 1 is a front elevation of, the come plete machine.- j

Fig.2 is a cross section through the same;

F i'g. 3 i'sa plan view of a portion ofthe fabric feeding apparatus.

Figs. and 5 are projected eros'ssectio'ns y and longitudinal sectiin'sfrespectively, of 6168111116.; Fig. .6 iSjIll; fragmentaryprojectedside-ale" vation of' 'thetsame. i i. Fig. I the hne-i ingconnect-ions be'in omitted.

Fig. "-8..

smoothing. "device.

'1 is nn'el'evzition of the main fabricfee-ding rolls.

Fig. '12 is a Section of the gasolene swabber. I T

. Fig. 13 isifla. view of the devi'c'e for fur-. nishing water to thetread cutting apparatus.

Fig. 13 is a detail of the end of the felt .Fig. 1%; is a detailof thetrimmer Fig. 15 is a detail of the rotating fabric layer'and smoother. IFig. 16 is-a diagrammaticdetail of the Same, h g the pitchri'ifithi'sdevieej the core.

ferred to as the bead-covering" roll and smoother. .p

Fig. 18 is a detail showing a'device for ."fragmentary Section an j i"Of Fig. 3511M! clutch and, driv 90, paid holder used in connection withthis moistening device. E

plowing ofi' the waste partially separa ted by the trimmer.

Fig. 19 is a similar detail but looking at the core shown in Fig. Infrom the right ol' this figure.

Fig. 20 is another view otf this plowing device.

Fig. 21 is a cross section through the core and the 'labric-laying andsmoothing apparatus, showing more particularly the means by which thestrokers are applied to the core.

Fig. '2 s i plan view of the tread appl ing inst riancntality.

Fig. 23 is a projected sidielevation of port'- or the same.

Fig. 24 is a projected longitudinal section of part of the same.

the master cam corner of Fig. 26.

Fig. 28 is an elevation partly in section offone of the automatically-shfted clutches sh ."ll partly in Fig. 26.

I Fig. 3:2 is a s milar. view [showing hovert-hen feeds through the fivepairs otrollers h; Thefahricis carried on the'storage roll t Mtg. 29is'a. diagrammatie view showing how two. plies can he started. atopposite sides of the core'at the same'ti'me. I

Fig. 30 is a -seetion of the'coi'e -.shown1 g how such plieswil'l r'estoneabove the other. Fig. 31 a diagrammatic yientvshowrng howl threecot1ld-,he.--app1ied simultaneously.

four could be applied simultaneously,

Fig. 33 is a front view of on'efof thebeadcarrying,rings.- 1

(Fig. 1) a is the frame which carries all the machine parts. J1. is thecore upon which the tire shoe is built This is carried upon a chuck 0(refer to Fig. 2). This chuck works upon the familiaraprinciple ofcturning a key r] which rotates a beveled gear in mesh with the beveledgearI-hat. acts as a mil with respect to the chuck arm a that is heldfrom rotation hut allowed-to slide.-

Hence turning the he will spread the chuck or contrart it to engage ordisengage the core.

Referring again'to Fig: 1 it will be seen that there are three groups ofinstrumentalities grouped around the core: one at, the lower left handcorner which is a fabricje eding, applyina and smoothinginstrumentality; one .at the upper right hand corner which is asecndfaln'iQ-fceding, applying and smoothing.instrumentality; and a third.instrumentality.is located at the top of the core'and this .is,thetread applying instrumcntnlity.

Before taking up the particular ilcscri r tion of the specificappliance, attention is drawn to lhc type of carcass that is prefer-Fig; 25 is an end view oi the com 'iosite' ably built upon this machine.Instead of applying" the plies at'z'qlillerent starting points on thecore, tlupvn lill g llpon the judgment of the worknmn; lapp lythe fabricfrom a plurality of determined points on the core: as for instance. Fig.29 I have shown one ply ol fabric started on one side and the other plyof fabric started on the diametrically opposite side. In Figs. 31 and 32three and tour plies of fabric simultaneously applied are respectivelyshown. Now if one will i-t-ft-r to Fig. 30 and trace. for instance, theply that is applied directly to the core beginning at the right sidethereof, he will find that it runs half way around the core andthcn overthe end of the plywhich is applied'directly to the core beginning at theleft hand-side of the core. The ply then continues ardu'fid and isspliced over the beginning of this ply and over the middle portion ofthe' other ply as shown at the right: in Fig. 30. T hismakes a verystrong joint as it has an interveningply of con- 'tinuons material. This)l||1al; 1')oi nt simultaneous feed also saves just so .thecompletion'of the tire; deperic g upon the number of, pliessir'nultaneou'sly ted. The autmnutie fabric feeding apparatus. -.\owreferring to Figs. 3, 4,"5, 6 and 7 this-kapparatus [.can be .un derst-o0('l..-"' Fi\'e pairs of rollers are shown. The fabriecolues inalternate narrow and wider strips from the storage roller f (Fig.1) upover the roller 1 (Fig-5) which acts as-a take-up rell to peel off-theliner 150. Thefahrie f cut in predetermined lengths'aud widths. It willhe noted that the end pairs of rollers .are solid. Theintervening threepair: rollers are divided and journaled so that one end of, the rollercanv rotate independently of the other roller. T he'division pointsbetween the two parts of a roller are 'snlr stantially at the quarter,half-and threeqnarter points of succeeding rollers so that a line drawnthrough the three division points will he on the bias and substantiallyparallel tothespliced end edges of the .fabric. This is shown well inFig. 3 where the fubricappears in dotted lines and designated l51.-

A The driving of these rolls is accomplished by chains connected withthe set of main feed rolls i. It will be seen that'the chain connectionsare used on both ends of the rolls it except the farthest one from themain roll -This provides an independent drive for each end of thedivided rolls so that the divided ends may be independently driven. Thepower is transmitted from the first I'nll to the second roll, which is a1livided roll. by meansofa chain j and a loose gear Ii: (Fig. 7). Byshifting the h time in clutch Z inward, the spring pins engage in one ofthe apertures of the loose gear is and lock the same to the shaft uponwhich is fastened the feed roll it. The bottom feed rolls are drivenfrom the top feed rolls by intermeshinggears m. lVhen the-clutch l isshifted to the left in Fig. 7, the spring pins will engage in aperturesin the roller frame 'ment the shaft of the roller 7:, and consequentlythe Whole train of rollers on that side of the feed.

This clutch is shifted in the following manner: The roller 0 between thespliced parts of the middle divided feed roller it normally tends tobear-upon the fabric becauseof the efforts of the torsional springsecured around the rock shaft g upon which this roller is carried by thearm 1'. On th'e'end of thisrock shaft is a trip arm 8 which, when theroller 0 is travelingover the normal thickness. of the fabric, is heldup inf'suh position asto engage behind the shoulder of the catch 15. proller 'o mounts the double pl made by the splicing of the two ends ofsi' cceeding p'lies "of fabric' as shown in Fig.5, this' raises theroller 0 as shown in this trip armts just enough to figuretipping theclear the shoulder ofthe catch t. This results in the contrac- ,tile"spring u pulling thefrod o toward the clutch-511i ing arm "w,

resulting? in' shifting c lutcliloutward so as to bring the spring 2pins into engagement with the l apertures in u ponthe core, as has beenhoe p thestationaryframe n, Consequently it is evident t'hatfl not onlyis i qtheypp er thrown off'froin the rear train of rollers and partrollers; but they are also Ioekedjrom further movement. iHoyv ever, thef1 train of rollers and part roll- Omar ers still-inio've on, resultingin pulling de ne tes at the spliced joint, and hence automaticallyspreading the plies as distinguis'hed from spreading them by hand orshearing the fabric by hand when the oper- 'ator" believes a sufiicientlength has been fed the 'prei'ious p'rac "The forward train of-rollersand part rollers-iind the fabric applying and smoothing devices continueon until the ply has been fed to the core and carefully fittedthereuponfin the manner hereinafter to be described. I y The master camhereinafter detailed then causes the frame m, upon which the fabric,applying and smoothing devices are located, to swin back uponj'theshaft or fulcrum 3 ,(Fig ifi .ln 'doin so the frame assumes ."thepositionshown n thedotted lines (Fig. ,6), thereby strikin the rollsattached to the armll connec an arinrigidl attached to the clutch-shiftmg arm 10. t is, therefore, evident that ,the clutch '1 will be.shifteclinto engagement yvith the sprocket n, thus locking againstfurther moveat end zones of fabric- However, when the i bends the edgesof'the fabric-in toward the master earn, as will be pointed out. Fabricapplying and smoothing apparatus.

' .Tw omain feed rolls i, 1 (Figs. 3, 5 andfi) areshown in a large view,Fig. 11. These feed rolls have convex and concave" center fabric bearingportions and have smooth belt bearing end port-ions grooved and bead-Gain the outsidezones It will be. noted that the convex andconcave-central portions approach close to each other only at themiddle. T he coi'isequencc'is that they inch the fabric only at'the'very "centerf: ilence t-he'fabric is only gripped att-he center whilethe end portions of the fabric-carrying portions of the rolls merelyserve as guides forlthe fabric; and the bead arrangement and, theclearance between fabric and rolls carrying portions ccnterto providefullness for the stretch'inrr which takes placeonly along the center '0the/fabric when the feed rolls'i grip the fabric.

' The ,-beltcarrying' ends or the rollsflzQ i "carry thebelts 1 2preferably lined with sl "metal jst'rips, and best shown in F ig; i8; Iwill be seen that thenp-running .port'io elts parallel -each'otherinaconti tion and xtant;upward byfithefp M ehind the intermeshing gearwhelels 3, twofpaiis are detai lec 1".in is ,eyidenhthat the 'upiiunn'ing ous serve the .useful purpose taut. R ght adjacenththeseipulleys the 11.0 stretched fairly fabrieis carried by these beltsbetween the roller 4 and the core. The pressure of the roller 4 upon-the,cor serves toieausethe fabric to adhere to the'core, which rotatingpulls'the fabric upon it? h It is clear that without the use of thebltsf the free end of a new ply could not'be can ried automatically ontothe core,' and ith'as been the practice in aIl-theprevious tiremakingmachines with which I'am familiar, to-lnanually guide] the oncomingeiidof new ply on to the core, where it is caused;

to adhere by hand pressure. Tl ebelt'sfi therefore, perform the dualfunction-ofkee'ping the outlying portions 'of the plies, smoothed, outand also carrying of a free end of an oncoming ly on to the core withoutp any human help.

making possible "the complished onlyat the center of t shorter andbetter adapted to fit into theundercut portions of the core and thesides of the core where the distances annularly around the core areshorter than on the tread portion of the core. This stretching isaccomplished in several ways in the prior art, one of the most commonbein the-use of a roller upon which an adjustable braking effort isapplied to retard the roller and consequently ,put a stress upon theroller when it is being pulled off from such roller preparatory toapplication to the core. In the present instance the stretchin is at:-

by the pull of the core upon the fabric between the core and the feedrolls. The method is the old one of driving the feed rolls at a slightlyless peripheral speed their the core through the belt connections 2' andthe chain connections with-the roller 4 that bears upon the bore, andhence the'pe'riphcral speed of the portions of the rollersi,' i, thatcontact. with the middle of the strip of fabric being lessthan theperipheral speed of the tread portion of the, core", itfis evident thatthe center of thefabric will be stretched varying with the difference inthe speed between the tread portion of the core and the central portionsof the rollers i, i. Inasmuch as the side portions of the core round offsharply it is/ evident that there will be no greater speed between theside portions of the core and the side portions the feed rolls, but evenif there were, this would not matteras the side portions of the feedrolls clear the fabric slightly and hence do not grip it but merelybend'it in to allow stretchmg to take place at the center without takinplace at the edge zones.

ow, in applying the fabric and fitting itaround the core, four distinctzones of work can be marked out. There IS the tread portion of the coreupon which the fabric is fitted by the common concave roll 4 of theprior art. -Thereis the side portion of the core to which thefab'r'ichas usually been applied by some form of roller having a peripheral contact. There is the undercut zone where the fabric has usuallybeen stretched and fitted by means of either hannners. reciprocatiuglingers or spinning rolls, the last rflnliring' an excessive speed ofthe core and a separate operation. The two former methe strip 7 odstheapplicant is advised have been unsuccessful in actual practice. Thefourth Zone of work is that of securim the final plies over and underthe head. 1. o creasing or stitching of the fabric into a. groove in thecore to hold it thereto is required. This operatic l is complt ely dis-.pensed with as the core is provided with a against the resistance ofthe spring. These smoothing rings 5 serve, to smooth and stretch thefabric over the side zones of the core. The next zone, the undercutzone,- is fitted with the fabric 'by means of the smoothing rotator orrotating strokers 6 (Figs. 8., 15 and 16' .which are in "eflect, amutilateddisk. e speak of. them as a mutilated diskfor tively astherotating strokers. Such a. disk would requifi howeuer, a speciallydeveloped core.

The rotating strokers comprise a plurality of radial spring arms'uponwhich are mounted stub-like rollers 7. The radial armsor spring arms areflexible so as to hear socurely against the fabric when applied theretowith any pressure, and are also capable of fOllOWlllg the contour ofthecore by reason of their flexibility The pitch of this stroking member isshown diagrammatically in Fig. 16; It has the pitch of the undercutportion ofthe core and then a pitch away at the rear of the undercutportion of the core for the purpose of-allowing the rollers, in theascending, to travel away from the core, so 'as not to undo the workthat has already been done iii fitting and stretching the fabric on theundercut portion ofthe core. 7

It will be seen in Fi 16 that were the disk rigid it would cut lightlyinto the core,

but of course it does not do this because the sprlng arms flex under thepressure, but this accomplishes a useful function in brin ingconsiderable pressure upon the fabric in this operation.

In Fig. 15 the action of this smoothing or stroking device is shown inconnection with the bead. ll will be. seen that itworks substantiallylhe same before and after the head is applied but that after the beadhas been applied it helps to form the fabric a disk set at the ,same'pitch would do this work but not as effeo around the top of the besid.In this operation the ends of the spring arms cooperate;

with the rollers and serve to apply the-fabric to the extreme outsideportion of the bead. ADtbf-IlCtlOII rollers 7 are considered a greatimprovement over-the usevof a plain disk as they effect the smoothingoperation and yet have the necessary capability ofturning when cominginto contact with the fabric so as not to tend to tear or unduly stressportions of the fabric in stroking it prior art smoothing ro lls'whichare driven only by contact with the core. The strok-'- ing rollsaredrix'en at A somewhat greater speed than the speed ofthe core byreason of the speed ratio being stepped up by the sprockets and chain(Fig. 8). These strok mg arms and rollers driven a't-this somevhatincreased speed, strike thefabric and strokeit with a regularity andcontinuity of notion which e fectively stretches it in a. general radial*direction and fitsit under the'undercutportions;

, I i Swdbbg'ng dgiiic's. "In ig., 12 thefldevic'es forautomaticallyswebbin" lthellf abric' ovith gasolene are 'shoWnQ, hiscompr'isesn tank 162 (see hlso Fig. ,3), Abelt 163=ru ns into this tankI lVh'en the. frame is tippje around two pillleys onetfof which forcesthe belt upla gain'st the under sidebf thefabric.

- An adjustable wiping clip'j-lfiifmay be moved v to or irornthebeIt-toregulatethe amount thegnmon the stock tomake it as adhesive es possiblewhich might ,notpotherwise be' the case .b'ecauseof the stock becomingdry..

Bead-covering devices.

H.111 Fig. 1 a detail of thede ice for fitting" the fabric over thebeadis shown. Thesedevicesare located OItGflChOf the fabric applying insrumentalities; but oflcourse 'are substantiniLy functionless when theplies are be ing put onbefore the head is put on. However, when thebez dhas-been applied, the

' of the-hub, that. carries this roller 8. is a spider I of springlarmsjfl of thesame'jgeneral chi rking deizice alreedy "referred peterns-theis pr germs are pr'oy1ded'with= to. These thefishin'e rollersl;Thetspring arms normally tend-u word as Shawn at the right in vtFig.17-." T e resiilt is -when they are hrdught against thsbead they 'nreslressed offluidj carried "up u'ponl the fabric. This jswabbing isno'wdonejby hand to moisten.

is shown it the 'left'in Fig; l t thereby affording pressure on thefabric ancl'gserving to stretch and fit it under the befid.

['be ind/ms for applying the fabric laying [and smoothing devices to-the com.

l-ho faljiric laying :ind smoothing devices und the l)01(l-C(J\'( .1l[tgdevices are carried upon the swinging frrime :2. Hence by pullinginivurdly the-.trms- 24 (Fig. 1) th'ede- .vices are appliedto the core.The arms 24, through a crank, serve to connect with :1 rocksl'inft 25on-the' frame in. As already pointed out, the frame as 'fulcr imsiitPull on the arm 24 serves to tip the frame a: over onto the core; Nowreferto F i'g. 8 :end it will be seen-that-the shaft-25*has (rod-T29 and.the plunger 30 is guided in it a. crank arm .26 connected with theplunger" bore-at the-upper end of thefritme "wit" A ;str0 ng' coiledspring 31 tends-to keepjthe plunger.projected. outwardly fromf the core.

pulling of the arm 24 compresses this spring 31-.15'The function of thisspring 31is to first 'com'pel the "framefaitofbe tipped-wupon the Therocking of'thecr ank' 26 by theinivard cot-sand thennllojyethe arinj24oswing the fsha'ft 25. The stroking de sideof the core and their d "wethe core by 'theaoti'on'of1th thel friction Wheel driyerfi l'e g estbripheryof:thecoriyfsegment" f arerevoluble on the; "shafts; 36 coiltorsional sprin syfixwhic' i ate} shafts '36 fkeye "to th ibrac [carriesa sleeve 38.? These sleeVesi38 .na'lthc bushing 39 into Which thescrevi'401" "f'fabric layingy zind srnoothi v pop." 1; the core andtoyiel'dingly pre galrist the cores Refer new to Fi 21 It s see .5. thatthe gear segment that adjustably' "carries thelstrokiiigaarin' 6isscrewed. Fast'to the bnsliingBQ is tilso n sprocket wheel 41 overwhich runs a chain spr ck 43"islnhgeii than thespifo'ck'etAl ti s yident,

42' (Fig 8) 'from the sprocket iyhecl $3,. which is attached tothe'sleeye-Mycthi h surf 'leev' 44is hon ].crea'Sed speed over the framenrms' to support; the strokijn nd their guidingonnecti ns with respectserves ts a yielding connection btwe e' ing anobstruction. .They alsoexertfe presallow the-stroking,erm .to raise when meet surej upon thestroking devices to keep-them H without changing the oaeration of thecam and its connections. ee positzon where stroking device is over thebead (Fig. 15).

To summarize the operation of the strok-- ing devices and theirconnected appliances, the frame w'is swung toward the core; the frictionwheel 4 dropped on to the core, and the spring 31 is then compressed bythe action of the arm 26. [he stroking arms are normally held turned.back away from the core by the expansive force of the heavy spring 31.When the frame a: is pulled over on to the core by the master cam andthe rods 24 the stroking arms are clear of the core and any furthermovement of the camcontrolled arm 24 serves to compress the spring 31and at the same time press the stroking arms against the core throughaction of arm 26 and segmental gear 33 and segmental pinions 35, thelatter hidden lay ro ler 34 in Fig. 8. The stroking arms yiel ingtlg'contact the core because of the action of o torsional spring 46, andalso because 1 the whole frame w may yield (through the spring 31)against the positive pull of the arms 24.

The bead-covering rollers have already been-described in detail inconnection with the descriptionin Fig. 17.- They are rotatably-mountedupon small vertical sha'ft f 146, whichis-threaded into asleeve in the block 4,7-and provided with a jam nut48.

.The block 47 is provided with a projecting 'arm, 5t9-;,1wh ich isbolted to the bifurcated: terminalofi-the arm 50 (Fig, 8 Now each 4 arms50 together and consequently keep the bead-covering roll and thestroking devices in engagement with the core. \Vhen the arm 24 (Fig.1).is thrust outward by the cam in the process of removing the applyingdevices from the core, the spring 31 (Fig. 8) expands. In doing sothe'plunger rod 29 travels outwardly and the extended ends of the pin 56(Figs. 8 and 10) engage the rolleri-TA on the bell crank ends of the arm50 and open up the arms 50 against the pull of the spring 55 so that thebead-covering roll and, the stroking devices can clear the core when thecontinued thrust of the rod 24 serves to tip the frame a: back.

Trimming device.

Carcasses have usually-been trimmed by hand as by the workman holding asharp zoop'is .bead-covering devices.

knife over a suitable guide and then spinning the core. I have providedan automatic device for this purpose shown in Fig. 14. This trimmer needonly be secured to one of the fabric a plying instrumentalities and isshown in l ig. 1 as carried by the right. hand fabric applyinginstrumentality. The trimmer is carried on a supplemental arm 10 securedto the arm which carries the The way these two members are yieldinglyheld to the core has already been explained. The trimmer is providedwith a driving roll 11 (Figs. 1 and 14) which can be brought to bearupon the core and which drives the trimmer 12 through the spur gears 13(Fig. 1).

The bead-applying apparatus.

The bead-appling aiparatus comes into operation after the rames .2: havebeen tipped back and the core is stopped and locked in place. Itcomprises a pair of tin s 14 one on eath side of thecore (Fig. 2%. Theseare ordinarily provided with two short racks 15 suitably guided inbracketsmaster cam hereinafterto be described has accomplished theapplication of two or. any

determined number of plies; to the core, the core is stopped under"theeoutrol of the master cam and locked. in place, and the master camrotates the 'lar e gear wheel 18 and hence causes the beadcaring ringstoadvance upon the core -th" racks '15; more clearly'shown in connectionwith the second chuck a t th'e left of Fig'.' 2.

- wit he The driving connection betweenthe master cam and the largegear-wheel 18 is effected through a multiple disk clutch 19, whichthereby provides a slip connection so that when the bead contacts thecore the pressure is not stopped but there is a constant pressureefverted upon it by reason of a continuous application of the power,which, however, is allowed to s'ip at its driving connection through themultiple disloclut'ch when a sufficient resistance is met with in thecore. The driving member of the multiple diskclutch is provided withgear teeth which mesh with the pinion 20 which has a pinion 21 at theopposite end of a common shaft jonrnaled in the frame of them! chine.This pinion 21 is in thep'a'th of an internal-tooth segment 22 on the'inaster cam; It is evident, therefore,- that when this se ment strikesthe pinion"21, the beads-,wil I be caused to advance on the care.-The'beadcarrying rings are backed away from the core when the coreis-again rotated as the pressure of the clutch spring 23 is strong torcyolve which in turn rotates the spur pinlon 1'6 and forces the racksoutwardto the limitof their travel after which, the resista'nce beingpositive, the clutch and large e *strumentality shown at the top of Fig.1 and I gear wheel will revolve initwithstanding t pressure of the'chitch spr ng The beads having been applied, the final plies are placed.in the way already indicated.

Tread applying 7:12-91!'IHIPLTLHZZiIiiGS. Just before the two frames 02have been lifted back by the cam action, the cam now brings intooperation the tread applying in dctailed-in'Figs'. to inclusive." Hcretoi'for'e the tread has usually been made up of a' 'lpllurality of stripsof rubber and each strip as been put upon the carcass as-aseparateoperation apart from the carcass-making devices. An end view-ofa. composite tread strip is shown in Fig. 25. It will be seen-- 1 thatit is made up'of seven strips, two lower layersac'h comprising, threeseparate strips laid uponeach other; The third or top layer. is made upusually. ofa strip of thick rubv bercm'npound in whichis embedded alayer of fabiicj57f I, c It is'the purpose of rhyappai'atustoja-utbmatically manufacture a composite [strip fromjthe separatestrip's'and automatically apply, measure and sever fthe tr ead strip...

58 (Fig. ll'fsthe main driving roll of the instrumentality and isbrought into contact with thelcore when the mast-cream drops the 'nalcreasing of thcjtread and also serve to I frame 59 toward the"co re'.The weight of the frame and a spring having same ,funck t-io'n as 31sufficient-[to makethe driving roll 58 bear' with ,pressure enough uponthe 'core to secure a good driving connection.

This drivingj roll connects by a chain with two pairs of pulleys 60, onemember of each pair on each side of the core'and which are provided withinterineshing attached gears.

'Ihese'pulleys work on the same principle as the: pulleys 3 and they areprovided with the same smoothing rings5 as detailed in Fig. 9 in'connection with the fabric applying devices. These pulleys support thecorewand ends of: the carrying belts 61 which operate to hold the edgezones of the-"tread the same way that the similar parts operate inconnection with, the edge zones of ,the fabric and which serve toprevent longitudis carrv thev forward (and of tlie'lread on, to the corewhere it'is tirml y pressed and fastened by its own adhesive propertiesand thepressure of the'tlri'ting roll 58. At the opposite end of thebelts 61 a pair of main feed rollers 62 are located. These rollers canbe more plainly seen in Figs. 22 and 2e and are naled inQthe "sideshofthe frame. an'dfwhich rubber roinpound are fed into the main strip Kdriven by the belts already alluded to. The

are concave and convex at their center trea ond set of feed rolls 65which are just to the right of the knife 66. The shaft of the upper feed';1'0ll. 65 carries a loose sprocket 66 connecting through the chain.67- with at a third pair of feed rolls 68 just to the leftof the knife66. .This set of rol]s.68"connec ts by a chain 69 with a trainot' feedrolls 70 only one of which .is shown in Fig. 2'2 as the others areoniitted to get the view onthel sheet and need-not-bc shownfor thereason that they are substantially the same-as the roller shown; v.

The. thirdor t'opilayer of rubber is .jfcd' froni a lai'ge -storagefroll(not 1 shown) and...

The liner that flies :between the convolutio of=the stock; upon thestorage roll is' dra w off on to a mkeau mn as 72. whichjis ion isprovided with-aplura l part-axle, one of which maybbe"pressed against;thefadja cent partby th spring 73 so that the roll and parenting e niaybe removedv to ea stitute an'othe take-up rol ll or remoye th linerwound qntlie 'oldroll. "The; endfofth take-up. rol l1 it xle gisprovided with 'a 74 on which rulnsthe belt 75'col'1necting w the pulleyonthe l. i we: feed roll' f the L roll set'71. 1Thi lj0lli thatconnectwitlfthef'f take-up roll are fairly slack so that as the 1;periphery oflthe .t akeup r811 enlarges" with; the amount. of linerbeing wound thereon; r they will .pull the liner because of'the'tend llOency of the peripheryof the take-up roll to' travel faster than .theperiphery of thefeed I rolls and pulleys. 4 p

The way inwhich-tbe underlying strips of p and caused-to adheretheretoby their. gummy and adhesive surfaees is illustrated in con nertion withthe set' of feed rollsTO. will be noted tbata couple of Stockstoragrolls To and 77" are ,jourhaled in sliit ablelw bearings on theside'franie lo allowof indcpendent m n -11 or attachment thereto. Therubber Str ckland}liner is drawn from the storage rolls.up"throughtlnffecd rolls 7 0 p where it attaches itself to the tread st-ripll25already formed by reason of the pressure of' these'rolls, and the lineris taken off by a take-uproll 78 in a similar way as indicated inconnection with the take-up roll 72. It will be understood that the nextforward the belts onto the core.

pair of feed rolls (omitted in the drawing) can be made to take a stripof tread material from a centrally located storage roll that provides astrip to follow in at any required zone and that in the same mannerother layers can he added to the growing tread strip by feed rolls,storage rolls, and the connected devices. When the strip reaches the setof feed rolls 68 it. has grown to its final dimensions.

The completed strip runs through the set of feed rolls 68 over the table79, throu h the feed rolls G5 and through the feed rolls (52, where itis taken hold of and guided by When the forward part of the tread striphas been carried around the core almost a complete revolution andsufficiently far So that the length of strip drawn under the. knife isjust a little less than the distance around the peripher of the carcass,the forward end of the tread strip strikes the 'small roller 80 that isnormally hangin in its path. This tips this roller and the arm uponwhich it -1s car- 'l'l.d, completing an electric circuit ,at 81- leadingthrough the solenoid 82, whose core isproridedat the lower end with a.contact roller 83 normally projected into the path of thejrame 8 1, T isframe bar 84is s11 ported onsliding blocks 87 which can sli e up anddown on the obliquely dlsposed guide rods' 88. .,Strong springs 89' arecoiled about the'gu id es and tend to thrust the blocks downward, butthis tendency is ordinaril resisted 'b the contact roll 83 which engaunder tie cross bar 84. There is rigid y held' between the slidingblocks of this framcSeta shaft 86 which supports a swiveled knife-holder90 to which is screwed the knifeblade 66. When the roller 80 is thrownup and the circuit at 81 completed,

the solenoid draws up the contact roll 83.

I and the knife 66' is quickly thrust throu h the rubber tread 'strip bythe efi'orts of t 1e springs 89. In Fig. 13, [have shown a water tank 91having an outflow pipe through which water drips on to a felt-pad 92held against the knife 66 So that moisure is furnished to assistincutting the 1 ubber, which under certain conditions cuts 'nuc'h easierwhen wet.

The tank is provided with 0. depending extension 160 that may be setinto the hole in the seat 161 (Fig. 22). The pad-holder (Fig. 13) has onits ends dowel pins which can set into dowel holes in the frame.

The master cam now starts to lift the swinging part of the frame 59(Fig. 1) up around the fulcrum point 93. This throws leer-ward theconnecting rod 94 which is secured to the lever 95 on one end of therock shaft 96. which has a lever at the opposite end. These? two levershave extensions running down and to the rear upon which are carriedcontact rollers 98 adapted 'of the fabric.

to hook under the lugs 07 projecting ontwardly from the sliding blocks.Hence when the cam lifts the swinging frame 59, the current is thrownoti" and the-sliding blocks and the knife are forced upward until thecross bar Sl gets above the contact roller 83. whereupon the spring 90forces the solenoid roller under the knife frame and holds it in itsretracted position ready to repeat the cuttinp operation.

iVhen the knife operates to cut the strip the clutch 100 is shiftedoutward as shown in Fig. 22, by reason of a cam lug 101 sliding-to theoutside of the roller 1 of the clutch arm 103, thereby shifting theclutch outward and thereby throwing olf the power frdm the rollers tothe rear of set 65. When the knife has been returned to its upper position as already described,- the clutch will be thrown back intoengagement with the rear driving train by means of the coiledcontractile spring 104, thereby connecting the rear trains of rollers upwith the front trains of rollers preparatory to the frame 59b'eing againtilted toward the core and a source of power furnished. In connectionwith the tread applying instrumentality a plowing device 105 (Fig. 1) ispreferably carried by an armattached to one of the bead-coveringdevices.This plowing device isdetailed inFigs. 18, 19 and 20. It is carried justbehind the beadcoyering devices of thetread instrumentality.

to plow of? the waste of the trimmed edges Vhen this plowing device 105firstcontacts this waste 106 (Fig. 18) it bears on the upper outercorner of the 7 Waste as shown in Fig. 18. This pressure in conjunctionwith the rotation of the waste tends to twist the waste and separate itfrom the bead as shown diagrammatically in Fig.

19. Ofcourse after a few inches have been twisted off, as shown in Fig.19. the plowing tool drops clear in against the core and then theoperation ceases to be .a twisting one and is entirely a plowing one.

The faoric feeding and applying operations having been described, andthe tread applying, measuring and cutting operations having beendetailed-and the trimming operation together with the plowing off of thewaste having been described, the operations w ieh complete the automaticfunc tions of th'is practically complete automatic machine will benarrated, .as also the op erationflof the master cam.

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the chucks and bead-carryingrings are supported upon a turret 106 which is mounted upon -ballbearings upon a pedestal 107. This turret 106 carries two chucks and twosets of bead-carrying rings as indicated in Fig. 2. Consequently whileone chuck is Fig. .20 shows how it appears in operation tipped towardthe viewer; ready together.

presented to the machine the other chuck is in a position where workmenmay mount another core and may place another set oii beads upon thebead-carrying rings. Hence much time is saved for as soon as a machinehas finished one tire shoe the other chuck has been loaded with the coreand the beads placed upon t-l1e'beadcarrying rings ready to be presentedto the machine.

When the tire has been completed by the machine, the extornahtoothedsegment 108 (Fig. 26) comes into mesh with the driven gear 109. This isupon a shaftthat has a clutch member 1 1O splined thereto which can beshifted to engage either one or the other of a pair of loose beveledgears 111. These beveled gears are boih i-ll fil \-'S in mesh with thebeveled pinion 112 (Fig. 26) on, the end of a shaftpwhich has fastenedthereto a spur pinion 113 which meshes with the sliding rack 114, Thisspur gear and the rack are well. shown in Fig. 2. Now. before thissegment 108 engagesthe gear a raised strip 115 on the Side of thesegment (Figs27) has en. gaged the roller 116 (the left hand one, Fig.28) and shifted the clutch 110 so to lock the gear 109 and the left handbeveled gear 111 This combination willjdrive the pinimill2 clockwise,rotating the spur pin- -ion',I13 clockwise and forcing the rack 114 joutward with respect to the machine frame.

Now'r eferring'to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the. rack 114 isconnected with a slide 117 t-hatis bolted to the turret pedestal 107 Theslide and the turret pedestal slide on "proper guides and track 154 1)so that when the rack 114 moves outward from the machine frame andturret pedestal'the completed tire upon the chuck moves out ofthe'machine housing until the turret edestal strike v the switch button119 ig. 2).

This-shuts ofl' therurrent of the motor M and a plie a solenoidbrake159, bringing imme iate stoppage to the Dower.-

a T he=workman may now depress the pedal 120 (Fig. 2) which separatesthe parts of the jaw clutch 121 and allows the turret to be revolved,bringing a new core and beads toward the machine and throwing thecompleted tire in a position where it may be easily taken 011 the chuckby the workman.

The operator of the machine may now press one of the switch buttons 121on top of the machine frame and again set the motor in operation. Thefirst. Operation willbe for the strip 122 (Fig. 27) on the cum toengugethe right hand roller 116 on the clutch shifter, therebylockingthe right hand beveled gear-111 and gear 109, and resulting in drivingthe rack 114 backinto the machine when the second segment 123 comes intomesh with the gear 109. This causes the turretpedestal and its. loadtogether with the slide 117, to advance into the machine. It will benoted that, the slide 117 is con- .is em appliedg'hy means of the ncctedto the rack 114. by a bolt and coiled p'ringl24. When the fluted centralup erture of the chuck fully engages the fluted end of'the chuck shaft,the turret pedestal and the slide can travel no farther, but the rack114 travels a slight distance farther and compresses the spring .124.When the cam segment 123 has traveled away fr the gear wheel 109 thecompressed spring 1.24 spreads out andpulls the rack outward slightly,causing the two beveled ears 111 to revolve far enough to insure t eclutch pins dropping into the pin-apertures, and the clutch now being incentral position, this looks all these gears together and also has thefurther important function of locking the turret'pedestal and the chuckso that the work will be held to the machine.

The master cam has been rotated by the' travels in a l -ace 13 1 'in'thface off-the 'cam, When the segment123' is disengaged fromthe gear 109 as..a1ready explained,-thej work is backed into the machine. Nowflie camrace 13 1 swings outwardly nnltheiqamand theclutch 131 is" disengagedfrom the frame Q and engaged witlrthe driving worm wheel I126, therebyco pling up the Chllbk SliB-fil the power; The .core itself nowib-130.;with p I gins to rotate. ,Now referring to Fig'26, it

will be seen that ahout ithe time the segment 123 disengages :from thegear ;j 109,', what r 110 Inightbe termed the/high part1'35ofa cam raceengages the roller 136"upon=the lever 137 which is connected with boththe; rods 24.

whose oflice has already been alludedto as that of tipping the frameswof the fabric applying mstrumen'talities toward and a ay from the core.Considering the-high part 135 of the cam race that carries the roller136 now beside thisr'oller, it is apparent that both the rods will bepulled inandhence both the fabric applying inst-rumentalit .frames willbe swung toward thetcore." t

will be seen that the carn'racenextf'presents a low portion." Duringthis time thebea'd is being applied, and the cam 134 is'shaped so as tonow operate'the-clutch'131andthe sto the rotation of the chuck, whilethe segment 22 of t e mastei cam -engaging the" gear 21 and operatingthe racks 15 in the manner already described.

, The chuck shaft is again connected up with the power by means of thebell crank lever 133 and the proper direction of the cam race 134 andthe bead rings are backed from the chuck. The second high spot 138 ofthe cam race that guides the roller 136 now throws the roller 136 outand again brings the fabric applying instruinentalitics to the core.Just before the ends of the last fabric plies have been put on the core,the cam race 139 comes into operation engaging the roller 1410 on thecrank arm 14.1, pulling down the rod 142 which connects with the treadapplying instrumcntality, thereby now bringing this instrumentality intooperation. Then the fabric applying instrumentalities are swung back.The core continues to revolve until the trend has been applied and thewaste adjacent the head cut oil. Then the toothed segment 108 againengages the gear 109 and backs the completed tire out of the machineuntil the switch button 119 turns off the ower and presents the complcted tire to t e workman. The tire is now. complete for everythingexcept the vulcanization in the mold.

Of course it will be understood that the tread-forming instrumentalitycould be replaced by another fabric applyin mentality in .tires ofheavier type w iere it is customary to build up a tread portion, -vulcanize it, and cement it to a partially vulcanized carcass, after whichthe whole is wrapped in damp clay and by vulcanization.

What I claim is:

1. In a tire' building machine, the combination of carcass buildinginstrumentalities and tread building and applying instrumentalit-iesarranged to automatically cooperate in building a tire.

'2. In a tire building machine, the combination of a fabric laying andsmoothing instrumentality, and a' tread laying and smoothinginstrun'icntality arranged to automatically cooperate in building atire.

3. In a tire building machine, the combi nation of a fabric laying andsmoothing instrurncntality, and a tread laying and smoothinginstrumentalit-y arranged to anto matically, one follow the operation ofthe other.

4, In a tire building machine, the combination of a fabric layingandsmoothing instrunicntality, a tread laying and smoothing ragsandfinished instruuicntality, and means for automati cally measuring offand separating the proper length of tread to be applied to the core.

5. In a tire building machine, the combination of a fabric laying andsmoothing in strumentality, a trimmer for the ed e of the fabric, andmeans for plowing on t e waste.

6. In a tire building machine, the combination of a fabric laying andsmoothing in str-nn'L-ntality, a trii'nn'n-r for the cdgr. of thefabric, and means for removin the Jade.

T. ln a tire building ma hine, the co1nbination of a fabric laying and-'.ioo'..1ing instrnaneutality, a trimmer, and a blade adaptcd to firstencounter the corner of the strip of waste to turn it oil and thenadapted to plow the waste oil.

8. In a tire building machine, the combi nation of a fabric laying andsmoothing instrunientality, and a .trinimer in the form of a rotatingsharpened edge disk driven by a roll contacting with the core.

9. In a tire building machine, the combination of a fabric laying andsmoothing instruinentality, a tread laying and smoothinginstriunentality, a trimmer, and a plowing device plowing oil the wasteand carried on the tread-laying frame.

10. In a tire building machine, the combi nation of a fabric laying andsmoothing instrumentality, a bead applying instrumentality, and meansfor automatically stopping 12. In a tire building'jmachlne, thecombination of a fabric layingfandsmoothing instrumentality, atread'laying. and smoothing instrumcntality, and afmaster cam forbringing the fabric laying'and smoothing instrumentality into engagementwith the core and upon the disen agement of this instrumentalitybringing t e tread lay ing and smoothing instrumentality into.engagemei'it with the cone.

13. In a tire l'niildlh'g machine, the combination of a fabric layingand smoothing instrunuaitality, a rotating core, means for automaticallystopping the corc and the instrumentality and for lockin the coreagainst rotation, and automatically operated bead-carrying ringsforapplying the bend to the core when the same is stopped.

H. In a tire building machine, the combination of a fabric laying andsmoothing instruinentality,a rotatingcore, means for disengaging t-heinstrumentality from the core, stopping the core and locking the same,and bead applying ineans automatically op crated to apply the headduring the stoppage of the core.

15. In a tire building machine, the combination of a fabric laying andsmoothing and second operation of the fabric applying and smoothinginstrumentality.

: 5 i for automatically starting and stopping the ins trilmentality, arotating core, means for lifting, the iustrumentality from the core,

bead rings, and means for causing the head rings to advance and backaway from the core, said means lifting the fabric laying and smoothinginstrumentality following the slip clutch connection in suchtransmission for causing them to slide in to the core and to exertpressure upon the core, and means power transmission devices.

17. In a tire building machine, a rotatable core,a bead applyinginstrumentality, comprising a pair of head-carrying rings adaptedtdslide toward and. away from the core,

af'pair of racks upon which the head-carrying rings 1 tried along aresupported, a spur pinion can with the core and engaging with beveledpinion fast to the spur gear wheel meshing with the a clutch forconnecting the the racks, a

pinion, a large eve-led pinion,

. gear-wheel with the source of power, and a clutch-spring calculatedupon the rotation -of theicore to hold the gear wheel stationary,

' allow the bead-carrying rings to'back out y from the core-when" thecore rotates; j i

I-SQInfa tirebuilding machine, a beadcar'ryiiig instrumentality,comprising with a chick housing having radial shafts 'up'on whit-,h arelocatedspur and heveled'pinions,

' 1 ion; belid-carryin disks which is calculate so asto hold the 1 thestrip tothe core.

apair of racks meshing with each s'pur pinpmions, a multiple disk andelutch and gear wheelwhile the bead-carryi'n'g-riugs back away from thecore as it revolves.

191111' a tire building machine, a strip laying and smoothinginstrumentality, comprising belts which take the strip and lay itup'onthe core, and means for pressing 20. Ina the building machine, a striplaying and smoothing instrumentality, comprising twopairs ofsubstantially contacting bolts for carrying. and guiding the strip ontothe core, and means for pressing the strip to the core.

2l.-'In a'tire building machine. a strip laying-and smoothinginstrumentality, com

'prising a pair of feedrolls having" rentral strip engaging portions andend pulley portions. two sets of pulleys rotatably supportedon Oppositesides of the core when the instrumentality is applied thereto, and stripcarrying belts running over the last-menrings secured to the ends f ofthe-racks, a arge gear wheel meshing 'ltl1" {the j beveled tinnedpulleys and the pulley portions of the feed rolls. 1

22. Ina tire building machine, a strip laying and smoothinginstrnmentality, comprising a set of rolls, two pairs of pulleysengaging on opposite sides of the core when the instrumentality isapplied thereto, some of the pulleys being provided -with .ringsspring-thrust out of the ends thereof and acting to lay the strip uponthe side zones of the core, and strip-carrying belts running over thepulleys and the rolls.

In a tire buildm r machine, and in a strip laying and smoot inginstrumentality thereof, a pair of belt pulleys, sleeves whose endswill-contact the.core,and means for yieldingly projecting said sleevesout of the ends of the pulleys and toward the core, said sleeves adaptedto smooth'the strip on the core while the said pulleys serve to carryconveying belts.

24. In a tire building machine, and in a striplaying andsmoothing,instrumentality thereof, a pair of belt'pull'eys, sleeveshaving turned-over flanges, and means for yieldingly projecting saidsleeves out of the/ends of the pulleys and toward thQ COIQ; the saidsleeves adapted to'smooth the strip on the strip on the-core.

25; In a'tire buildingm'achine, and in a strip-laying and smoothinginstrumentali ty thereof, a strip-smoothing device e(pnpr1sing aplurality ofcontinu'ously rotat ng rotatable radial arms'carryingrollers'o'n their ends, "arms striking: ;the carcass at an acute'angleto tlieireommon plane. 1 1

26. In a tire 'building v inachine, and in a strip-laying and smoothing.instrument-ality thereof, a strip-smoothing device comprising aplurality of rotating springarms carrying rollers on their ends. j i (a;Q

27.In a tire building machine, andin a striprlaying and smoothinginstrumentality thereof, a strip stroking device comprising a pluralityof sprin arinsand meansfor positively driving sai arms, saidarmsbeingarranged to strike and smooth the strip upon the tire. i i

28. In a tire building'machine, andin a strip laying and smoothinginstrumentalit v thereof, a strip stroking device comprising a pluralityof rotating spring arms set in a plane substantially common to the planeof. the undercut ortion of'the core but tipped slightly there rom at therear' of thedevicc.

29. In a tire buildin'g'machine, and in a strip laying and smoothinginstrumentality thereof, a strip smoothing device comprising a rotatingmember adapted to contact with the strip and smoothit upon the sides ofthe eon-at bracket arm upon wvhi'chfsaid.rotating nections'between theI-riction-wh el-and said rotating member, yielding lug-ans providing

